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From Oral Tradition to Written Identity: Reviving Jharkhand’s Tribal Languages

Hello Everyone !! Across the forests, plateaus, and river valleys of Jharkhand, language is more than communication — it is memory, identity, and survival. Many of the state’s tribal communities continue to preserve their histories, songs, cosmologies, and ecological knowledge through oral tradition. Yet several of these languages still lack standardized scripts, making them especially vulnerable in a rapidly modernizing world. This article brings together the core issue — the absence of standardized writing systems — and practical, community-centered solutions, including the transformative role of writing and publishing books. The Core Issue: Oral Tradition Without Standard Script Several Jharkhand tribal languages are primarily oral and lack widely accepted standardized scripts. Among them are: Birhor Asuri Birjia (Birijia) Malti (Mal Paharia) Korba Sabar Parhaiya While some may use borrowed scripts such as Devanagari informally, there is no officially standardized orthography that i...
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Career Management Secrets book [2010] excerpts

  Hello Everyone !! Carolyn Boyes’ Career Management (Secrets) is a concise guide published in 2010 that focuses on practical strategies for building and managing your career. It’s part of the Collins “Secrets” series, designed to give quick, actionable insights. 1. Take Control : Use the STAR format to write down your achievements and work out what you do well, by S (Situation), T (Task given), A (Action taken), R (Result achieved) The 3-Ps -- Passion, purpose, principles Make your own 360 degrees report 2. Be Visionary : Write down all the job options you have ever considered and rank them in order of desirability Think about skills and knowledge you enjoy using Visualise your ideal day in detail Design your perfect environment Consider lesses and mores Make achievable goals through SMART techniques Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Realistic, Timed Step forth Commit 100% Find a role model 3. Market Yourself  : Brand yourself Leave a lasting impression Have an elevator p...
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A Short History of Firearms in India

  Hello Everyone !! Firearms in India have a long and layered history, evolving from early matchlocks to modern arms legislation. Their development reflects shifts in technology, colonial control, and national security priorities. Firearms entered India in the early 16th century , during a time of significant military and political change. Early arrival via Mughals and Ottomans  : (1500-26) The 1st confirmed use of firearms in India was in the 1st battle of Panipat (1526) Mughal king Babur used Turkish style matchlocks and artillery (field guns), cannons  Portuguese & Coastal Introductions  : (Late 1400's-1500) Portuguese explorers arriving in Goa (1498 onwards) also brought gunpowder weapons like Arquebus long rifle and small cannons Spread in 16th & 17th century  : Indian kingdoms (Mughals, Rajput, Deccan sultanates, Marathas etc.) began using matchlock pistols (Toradar), muskets and small artillery. Firearms were gradually Indianized, with local craft...
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Drawing Instruments [Engineering Drawing book by N.D. Bhatt]

Hello Everyone !! The Engineering Drawing book (2010)  by N.D. Bhatt is one of the most widely used textbooks in India for engineering students, especially in their first year.  It’s a comprehensive guide to plane and solid geometry , designed to build strong fundamentals in technical drawing and graphical communication. Drawing Instruments for Engineering Drawing : ( Pg #1 )  Drawing board, T-sq., Set sq. (45 degree, 30-60), instrument box (large compass, lengthening bar, small-bow compass, dividers, bow ink pen, inking-pen), scales, protractor, French Curves, sandpaper block, eraser, drawing pins, clips, adhesive tapes, duster, drafting machine, roll-n-draw, pencils. Thank you for Reading !!
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Practical Notes on Hydrographic & Mining Surveys book (1872)

Hello Everyone !! The book Practical Notes on Hydrographic and Mining Surveys by William H. Hearding , published in 1872 —is a concise technical manual aimed at surveyors working in both hydrographic (water-based) and mining environments.  Though only about 54 pages, it packs in essential field knowledge for 19th-century engineers and surveyors. Survey Instruments : (Pg #7-10) Theodolite, measuring chain (50-ft), metal tape, spring divider, divider, ruler, triangles, protractor, scales, paper tacks, tracing vellum, notepapers, ink bottles, glue, log tables, field notebooks, drawing pens, pencils. Thank you for Reading !!
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A Practical Treatise on Mine Survey book (1902)

Hello Everyone !! A Practical Treatise on Mine Surveying (1902) by Arnold Lupton —is a classic technical manual that served as a foundational text for mine engineers and surveyors in the early 20th century.  It covers the principles, instruments, and methods used in underground and surface mine surveying, with a strong emphasis on accuracy, safety, and practical application. Measuring Instruments : ( Pg #85-95 ) Scales, compass, straight-edge, parallel ruler, pricker, set-squares, protractor, curves, weights & pins, inks, brushes, drawing papers, tracing papers, drawing pens, pencils. Thank you for Reading !!
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Contents of a Man's Trouser Pockets [The Complete Book of Etiquette book excerpts] (1952)

Hello Everyone !! The Complete Book of Etiquette by Amy Vanderbilt , first published in 1952 is a landmark guide to American manners, social customs, and proper conduct across personal, professional, and ceremonial settings.  It became the definitive etiquette manual for mid-20th-century America, rivaling Emily Post in influence. Here is an excerpt from the book. Contents of a Man's Trouser Pockets : Cash, keys, papers, checkbooks, photographs, credentials, pens, pencils. Thank you for Reading !!
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